Roman Numerals

Roman Numerals

Roman Numerals is a type of numeral notation that was once employed by the Romans. The Roman numeral is an additive and subtractive number system in which letters are employed to represent specific base numbers and arbitrary integers. A roman number is XLVII, which is equivalent to 47 in numerical form. Roman numerals are represented by a unique set of symbols that includes the English alphabet. In roman numerals, 5 is represented by V. It may be used to name anything, such as Class I, Class II, Class X, and so on.

In this article, Knowledge Glow will go through roman numerals in depth.

What are Roman Numerals?

Roman numerals are an old number system that is still widely used today. Alphabets are used to express fixed positive integers in roman numerals. I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, and X indicate 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 correspondingly.

Following 10, the roman numbers are XI for 11, XII for 12, XII for 13,… to XX for 20. The table below lists the most frequent roman numerals now used to denote basic numbers.

IVXLCDM
1510501005001000

Roman Numerals Chart (1 to 1000)

The roman numerals table below depicts Roman numerals from 1 to 1000, such as 1, 2, 3,…, 10, 11, 20, 30, 50, 100, 500, and 1000. We can simply write roman numbers from 1 to 1000 using the chart.

Roman Numerals Chart

Roman Numerals Chart

Roman Numerals 1 to 100

The list of Roman numerals or Roman numbers from 1 to 100 follows. The guidelines for writing the roman letters from 1 to 100 are described here.

NumberRomanNumeralNumberRomanNumeralNumberRomanNumeralNumberRomanNumeralNumberRomanNumeral
1I21XXI41XLI61LXI81LXXXI
2II22XXII42XLII62LXII82LXXXII
3III23XXIII43XLIII63LXIII83LXXXIII
4IV24XXIV44XLIV64LXIV84LXXXIV
5V25XXV45XLV65LXV85LXXXV
6VI26XXVI46XLVI66LXVI86LXXXVI
7VII27XXVII47XLVII67LXVII87LXXXVII
8VIII28XXVIII48XLVIII68LXVIII88LXXXVIII
9IX29XXIX49XLIX69LXIX89LXXXIX
10X30XXX50L70LXX90XC
11XI31XXXI51LI71LXXI91XCI
12XII32XXXII52LII72LXXII92XCII
13XIII33XXXIII53LIII73LXXIII93XCIII
14XIV34XXXIV54LIV74LXXIV94XCIV
15XV35XXXV55LV75LXXV95XCV
16XVI36XXXVI56LVI76LXXVI96XCVI
17XVII37XXXVII57LVII77LXXVII97XCVII
18XVIII38XXXVIII58LVIII78LXXVIII98XCVIII
19XIX39XXXIX59LIX79LXXIX99XCIX
20XX40XL60LX80LXXX100C

Roman Numerals 100 to 1000

NumberRoman Numerals Evaluation
100C100
200CC100 + 100
300CCC100 + 100 + 100
400CD500 – 100
500D500
600DC500 + 100
700DCC500 + 100 + 100
800DCCC500 + 100 + 100 + 100
900CM1000 – 100
1000M1000

Roman Letters

Although roman letters are used in English alphabets, not all alphabets are roman alphabets. J, U, and W are not considered roman alphabets, and there are 23 roman alphabets out of 26 English alphabets. As a result, the Roman alphabet consists of the following letters: A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, T, V, X, Y, and Z. These roman letters are sometimes referred to as roman symbols.

The year 2019 is written as MMXIX, for example.

Rules for Write Roman Numerals

When representing a number in roman numerals, certain requirements must be fulfilled. Please read the following rules.

  • The symbol’s value is multiplied by the number of times it is repeated. (For example, II – 2, XX – 20, and XXX – 30.)
  • A sign can only be repeated three times, for example, XXX = 30, CC = 200, and so on.
  • Symbols V, L, and D never appear again.
  • When a symbol with a lower value occurs after a symbol with a higher value, the values of the two symbols are added. For instance, VI = V + I = 5 + 1 = 6.
  • When a sign with a lower value occurs before a symbol of a higher value, it is deducted. For instance, IX = X – I = 10 – 1 = 9.
  • Because they are not placed before a bigger value sign, the symbols V, L, and D are never subtracted.
  • Symbol I can only be subtracted from symbols V and X, whereas symbol X can only be subtracted from symbols L, M, and C.

Converting Roman Numerals to Numbers

Rule 1: If one or more symbols are inserted after a higher-valued letter, add that amount.

  • VII = 7 (5 + 2 = 7)
  • LXXX = 80 (50 + 10 + 10 + 10 = 80)
  • MCCC = 1300 (1000+100 + 100 + 100 = 1300)

Rule 2: Subtract the amount if a symbol comes before a letter with a higher value.

  • CM = 900 (1000 – 100 = 900)
  • IX = 9 ( 10 – 1 = 9 )
  • XC = 90 (100 – 10 = 90)

Rule 3: In the case of roman numerals, 1000 is substituted by a bar.

 Subtractive Rule of Roman Numerals

WriteInstead ofFor the value of
IVIIII4
IXVIIII9
XLXXXX40
XCLXXXX90
CDCCCC400
CMDCCCC900

Solved Examples on Roman Numerals

Example 1: Write 69 in roman numerals.

Solution:

69 = 60 + 9

= (50 + 10) + (10 – 1)

= LX + IX

= LXIX

Thus, 69 = LXIX.

Example 2: Convert 1984 into the roman numeral.

Solution:

Break the number 1984 into 1000, 900, 80 and 4, then perform each conversion

As, 1000 + 900 + 80 + 4 = 1984

  • 1000 = M
  • 900 = CM
  • 80 = LXXX
  • 4 = IV

1000 + 900 + 80 + 4 = 1984,

So, 1984 = MCMLXXXIV

Example 3: Convert 1774 to Roman Numerals.

Solution:

Break 1774 into 1000, 700, 70, 4 and then do each conversion

1000 = M

700 = DCC

70 = LXX

4 = IV

1000+700+70+4 = 1774,

Hence, 1774 = MDCCLXXIV

Example 4: Compute the following roman numeral MXXII – LXX – LII.

Solution:

Given: MXXII – LXX – LII.

We know that MXXII = 1022, LXX = 70 and LII = 52.

Now, substituting these numbers in the Roman numeral letters, we get;

MXXII – LXX – LII = 1022 – 70 – 52.

MXXII – LXX – LII = 900.

Hence, the number 900 in the Roman numeral is CM.

Roman Numerals Practice Questions

  • What is the roman numeral equivalent of 500?
  • Convert the number 1009 to a roman numeral.
  • Convert CXII to numeric form.
  • What is the roman numeral for 11?
  • Write the number 6 in roman numerals.
  • Write the number 12 in roman numerals.
  • What is the Roman numeral CMXXIII’s numerical form?

Frequently Asked Questions on Roman Numerals

How do we write 100 in roman numerals?

C represents 100 in roman numerals.

Roman numerals from 1 to 10 should be written.

The roman numbers 1 to 10 are represented by:

1 – I

2 – II

3 – III

4 – IV

5 – V

6 – VI

7 – VII

8 – VIII

9 – IX

10 – X

How do we write 200 in Roman numerals?

In Roman, 200 is written as CC.

What is the proper way to write roman numbers?

Seven distinct alphabets are used to write Roman numerals. The numerals and alphabets are as follows: 

I – 1

V – 5

X – 10

L – 50

C – 100

D – 500

M – 1000

What does the roman numeral XC stand for?

We can write all of the Roman numerals using these alphabets.

XC = 90

What is the roman numeral equivalent of 800?

800 = 500 + 100 + 100 + 100

500 = D and 100 = C

Therefore,

800 = DCCC

What is the significance of roman numerals?

Roman numerals are used to identify the name or location of anything or person.

Sam, for example, was first in class.

Prince Charles III Schools include classes ranging from first to tenth.

About The Author

Knowledge Glow

I am Komal Gupta, the founder of Knowledge Glow, and my team and I aim to fuel dreams and help the readers achieve success. While you prepare for your competitive exams, we will be right here to assist you in improving your general knowledge and gaining maximum numbers from objective questions. We started this website in 2021 to help students prepare for upcoming competitive exams. Whether you are preparing for civil services or any other exam, our resources will be valuable in the process.

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