Class 8 Science Chapter 1 Crop Production and Management
Agricultural science is a branch of science that deals with the study of different types of crops, their production and management. It also includes the study of different soil types and their properties. Class 8 Science Chapter 1 Crop Production and Management deals with all these topics in detail. In this article, Knowledge Glow will provide you with NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 1 Crop Production and Management.
NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 1 Crop Production and Management
The NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter Crop Production and Management provide a comprehensive and detailed guide to the chapter. They cover all the important topics in the chapter, such as crop rotation, irrigation, fertilizers, and pest control.
The NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter Crop Production and Management are a great resource for students who want to score well in their exams. They provide clear and concise explanations of all the concepts in the chapter. Additionally, the solutions are written by experts who have years of experience in teaching this subject. As a result, students can be confident that they are getting accurate and reliable information.
The NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 1 Crop Production and Management are an essential study tool for students of Class Class 8 Science. They help students understand the chapter better and prepare them for their exams.
The chapter, Crop Production and Management covers the following topics:
- Agricultural Practices
- Basic Practices of Crop Production
- Preparation of Soil
- Sowing
- Adding Manure and Fertilizers
- Irrigation
- Protection from Weeds
- Storage
- Harvesting
- Food from Animals
Solutions of Crop Production and Management
Question 1: Select the correct word from the following list and fill in the blanks.
float, water, crop, nutrients, preparation
(a) The same kind of plants grown and cultivated on a large scale at a place is called _________.
(b) The first step before growing crops is ________ of the soil.
(c) Damaged seeds would _________ on top of water.
(d) For growing a crop, sufficient sunlight and _________ and _________ from the soil are essential.
Answer :
(a) The same kind of plants grown and cultivated on a large scale at a place is called _ crop _.
(b) The first step before growing crops is _ preparation_ of the soil.
(c) Damaged seeds would _float_ on top of water.
(d) For growing a crop, sufficient sunlight and _ water _ and _ nutrients_ from the soil are essential.
Question 2: Match items in column A with those in column B.
| A | B | ||
| (i) | Kharif crops | (a) | Food for cattle |
| (ii) | Rabi crops | (b) | Urea and super phosphate |
| (iii) | Chemical fertilisers | (c) | Animal excreta, cow dung, urine and plant waste |
| (iv) | Organic manure | (d) | Wheat, gram, pea |
| (e) | Paddy and maize |
Answer :
| A | B | ||
| (i) | Kharif crops | (e) | Paddy and maize |
| (ii) | Rabi crops | (d) | Wheat, gram, pea |
| (iii) | Chemical fertilisers | (b) | Urea and super phosphate |
| (iv) | Organic manure | (c) | Animal excreta, cow dung, urine and plant waste |
Question 3. Give two examples of each.
(a) Kharif crop
(b) Rabi crop
Answer :
(a) Kharif crop Paddy, maize
(b) Rabi crop Wheat, gram.
Question 4. Write a paragraph in your own words on each of the following:
(a) Preparation of soil (b) Sowing
(c) Weeding (d) Threshing
Answer :
(1) Preparation of soil: To get fresh produce, we first turn the soil. To loosen and turn the soil, agricultural workers use a plough. The process is called tillage or ploughing, and it allows roots to penetrate deep into the soil. Soil from the field is made into small clumps called crumbs, which are then levelled for growth.
(2) Sowing: Sowing is important in crop production because it is the process of planting the seeds in soil for future growth. The seeds usually selected for growing should be of good quality, this will have an improved net yield. Sowing can be done with either a traditional tool or a seed drill. Traditional tools are shaped like funnels and were used earlier for sowing seeds. Seed drills provide accurate sowing, use tractors and save time, also protecting the seeds from birds.
(3) Weeding: Weed removal is important as many other unwanted plants may grow with the crop. Weeds compete with the crop and other plants for space, light, water, and nutrients. From there, weeds can be harmful to animals and humans alike if they are not removed completely. Weed removal can be done in two ways: by manually removing them or by using weedicides.
(4) Threshing: After harvesting the crops, their seeds are removed from the outside of the plants with a thresher. It’s often done by using a ‘combine’ which is really just a combined harvester and thresher.
Question 5. Explain how fertilizers are different from manure.
Answer :
| Fertilizer | Manure |
|---|---|
| Fertilizers are commercially available plant nutrients. | Manure is a natural substance prepared by the decomposition of animal excreta and plant wastes. |
| They can be organic or inorganic in nature. | Manure is known to have a large quantity of organic materials and very little amount of plant nutrients. |
| They ensure healthy growth and development of plants by providing them with nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, etc. | They help in enriching the soil with organic matter and nutrients. |
| The addition of fertilisers to the soil requires special guidelines such as dose time, post addition precautions, etc., to be followed. | The addition of manure does not require any special guidelines. |
| A fertiliser does not provide any humus to the soil. | Manure provides humus to the soil and increases soil fertility. |
| Its excessive use causes water pollution. It cannot replenish organic matter of soil. | It protects the environment and helps in recycling farm waste. |
Question 6: What is irrigation? Describe two methods of irrigation which conserve water.
Answer :
Answer.
The supply of water to crops at different intervals is called irrigation. The two methods of irrigation in which water is conserved are the sprinkler system and the drip system.
(1) Sprinkler system: This system is more useful on uneven land, having fewer water supplies. also In this method, water is supplied using pipes to one or more central locations within a field. When water is allowed to flow under high pressure with the help of a pump, it gets sprinkled on the crops.
(2) Drip system: This process of irrigation consists of delivering water directly to the roots, drop by drop. In areas where water is less available, this process is very important to conserve it.
Question 7: If wheat is sown in the kharif season, what would happen? Discuss.
Answer :
If wheat is sown in the kharif season (from June to October), then the whole crop might get destroyed because of many factors such as lack of optimum temperature, adaptability, availability of pests, etc. Kharif season includes the rainy season, which is not favourable for the growth of wheat crop. Therefore, wheat crop should not be sown during this season.
Question 8: Explain how soil gets affected by the continuous plantation of crops in a field.
The continuous growing of crops makes the soil deficient in certain nutrients. Avoid this, the following practices should be facilitated:
- Crop rotation
- Manuring the soil
- Leaving field fallow
Question 9: What are weeds? How can we control them?
Answer :
Plants that grow naturally in fields are called weeds. These weeds must be removed or crops may not get the necessary water, nutrients, and light needed to grow. If weeds aren’t removed by either manual means or weedicides, these crops will never thrive as they should.
The manual removal includes physical removal of weeds by uprooting or cutting them close to the ground from time to time. This is done with the help of a khurpi or a harrow. By using weedicides also, we can remove weeds. These weedicides damage only weeds and do not harm crops, e.g., 2, 4-D.
Question 10. Arrange the following boxes in proper order to make a flow chart of sugarcane crop production.
Answer :
Question 11: Complete the following word puzzle with the help of clues given below.
Down
1. Providing water to the crops.
2. Keeping crop grains for a long time under proper conditions.
5. Certain plants of the same kind grown on a large scale.
Across
3. A machine used for cutting the matured crop.
4. A rabi crop that is also one of the pulses.
6. A process of separating the grain from the chaff.
Answer :
Conclusion
The NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 1 Crop Production and Management provide a comprehensive and detailed overview of the topic. They are an invaluable resource for students who want to gain a deeper understanding of the concepts covered in the chapter. The solutions are also helpful for those who want to prepare for exams on the subject.
